Pediatrics > Brachial Plexus Injuries
Brachial Plexus Injuries
Facts and Physical Therapy
Definition: Damage to the peripheral nerves of the upper extremity leading to partial paralysis of the limb, frequently associated with prolonged and difficult labor.
Types:
- Erb's palsy: Injury to the upper plexus (C5 and C6), with paralysis of adduction, internal rotation, and pronation of the arm
- Klumpke's palsy: Injury to the lower plexus (C7, C8, T1), with paralysis of the muscles of the hand/wrist
- Erb/Klumpke palsy: Mixed involvement, which may include nerve roots C5 to T1
When should I contact a Pediatric Physical Therapist?
- If your child avoids using the involved arm
- If your child's injury does not appear to be recovering within 2-4 months of diagnosis/birth
- If your child experiences secondary difficulties such as subluxation of the shoulder or contractures (limited movement)
- If your child does not seem to be acquiring age appropriate gross motor skills (such pulling to sit, rolling, reaching with both arms, crawling, pulling to stand)
What will Physical Therapy do to help my child?
- Teach you how to stretch shortened muscles safely
- Teach you exercises to help strengthen weakened muscles
- Provide hands-on techniques to improve range of motion, strength, and movement
- Use handling-techniques to facilitate age appropriate motor skill acquisition and weight bearing onto the involved extremity
- Provide a home program to assure carryover
- May recommend an orthotic or external support to assist with muscle lengthening or stability
How do I go about getting Physical Therapy for my child?
- Ask your pediatrician/doctor about a referral to Physical Therapy
- Call your insurance carrier or refer to your insurance book
- Call us directly, with direct access in NJ, you can see a physical therapist without a prescription from the doctor
